Outsmart the Lot
Outsmart the Lot
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Critical Scam Alert

Bait & Switch

The advertised car is mysteriously "just sold" when you arrive. But don't worry, they have something "even better" at a higher price.

How It Works

The Simple Version

You find a great deal online. You call to confirm it's available. You drive 45 minutes to the dealership. When you arrive, they say 'Sorry, that one just sold this morning.' Then they try to sell you a more expensive car.

The Setup: Dealers know that once you've made the trip, you're psychologically committed. You've invested time, gas, and mental energy. You're less likely to walk away empty-handed.

The Two Variations:

  • The Phantom Car: The advertised vehicle never existed at that price. The VIN in the ad might be for a different trim level, or the car was already sold days ago but left in the listing intentionally.
  • The Damaged Goods: The car exists, but when you see it, there's a huge dent, it smells like smoke, or has 50,000 more miles than advertised. "Oh, that must be a typo in the listing."

Why it’s a big deal: Bait advertising is prohibited by the FTC’s Guides Against Bait Advertising, and many states have their own consumer-protection rules. Enforcement and remedies vary by location.

Red Flag: If a deal seems too good to be true, it probably is. If a car is priced far below market value, there’s usually a reason.

Immediate Action

How to Protect Yourself

Get It In Writing

Before you drive there, email the dealer: "Please confirm [VIN] is available at $[price]. I will be there at [time]." Screenshot the ad with the date visible. This creates evidence if you need to file a complaint.

Check Recent Reviews

Search "[Dealer Name] bait and switch" on Google. If multiple people report the same experience, you know it's a pattern, not a coincidence.

File a Complaint

If you've been a victim of bait-and-switch, you can file complaints with:

  • FTC: reportfraud.ftc.gov
  • State Attorney General: Search "[Your State] Attorney General consumer complaint"
  • Better Business Bureau: bbb.org
  • Google/Yelp: Leave a detailed review to warn others

Found Another Car? Run the VIN First.

Before you drive to any dealer, verify the car actually exists and matches the listing. A VIN history check can help surface title brands/total-loss history, theft flags, and odometer issues (coverage varies by provider).

Run VIN Check

Sources & Further Reading

Notes: Sources are provided for general education. Rules can vary by state and change over time.

What's Next?

Yo-Yo Financing

Another critical post-sale trap

Battle Plans

Step-by-step buying guides

Negotiation Scripts

What to say when they try this

Calculators

Verify their numbers